DINASTI POLITIK: Transformasi Demokrasi Pancasila dalam Konteks Kekuasaan Keluarga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24269/jpk.v10i1.10428Abstract Dinasti politik merupakan fenomena yang masih langka dalam sistem politik Indonesia, ini memperlihatkan bahwa kekuasaan politik seringkali menjadi milik keluarga tertentu. Dalam konteks ini, demokrasi Pancasila terus bertransformasi, menghadapi tantangan besar dalam menjaga pluralisme dan keadilan dalam proses politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dampak dinasti politik terhadap transformasi demokrasi Pancasila serta mengeksplorasi upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi dominasi kekuasaan keluarga dalam politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis konten untuk memeriksa literatur terkait, data empiris, serta wawancara dengan para ahli politik dan masyarakat sipil yang memiliki pengalaman langsung dengan dinasti politik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinasti politik memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap demokrasi Pancasila, mereduksi partisipasi politik masyarakat, mengurangi pluralisme, dan menimbulkan ketidakadilan dalam distribusi kekuasaan. Namun, penelitian juga mengungkapkan beberapa inisiatif masyarakat sipil dan reformasi kebijakan yang mungkin dapat mengurangi dominasi dinasti politik dan memperkuat demokrasi Pancasila. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya upaya bersama dari pemerintah, masyarakat sipil, dan lembaga internasional untuk mengatasi masalah dinasti politik dalam sistem politik Indonesia. Perlu adanya reformasi kebijakan yang mendukung partisipasi politik yang inklusif, mengurangi kesenjangan kekayaan dan akses terhadap kekuasaan politik, serta memperkuat mekanisme pengawasan dan akuntabilitas politik untuk memastikan bahwa demokrasi Pancasila tetap berfungsi sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsipnya.
References
Agustino, L., Hikmawan, M. D., & Silas, J. (2023). Keberlanjutan Demokrasi Indonesia? Dua Tahun Pandemi COVID-19 yang Penuh Tantangan. Ijd-Demos, 5(2), 212–232. https://doi.org/10.37950/ijd.v5i2.444
Ali, M. (2022). Kebijakan Politik Pragmatis Strategis Maulana Hasanuddin Banten (1546-1570) terhadap Portugis. Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha, 7(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v7i1.39859
Amiruddin Dardiri, M., Waluyo, W., & Aquil, A. (2023). Kondisi Sosial-Politik Dinasti Bani Abbasiyah Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Jurnal Asy-Syukriyyah, 24(1), 69–82. https://doi.org/10.36769/asy.v24i1.318
Ananda, A. I. (2023). The Influence of Political Dynasty on the Democracy Climate. Constitutional Law Society, 2(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.36448/cls.v2i2.37
Andreadis, I., & Stavrakakis, Y. (2019). Dynamics of Polarization in the Greek Case. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 681(1), 157–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716218817723
Anisa Agustin, M. R., Handayani, L., Ulfah Haika, N., Putri Herdati, J., & Akbar Hayat, M. (2022). The Practice of Political Dynasty and Kinship in Local Government of Hulu Sungai Utara District. International Journal of Law, Environment, and Natural Resources, 2(2), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.51749/injurlens.v2i2.29
Armand, A., Coutts, A., Vicente, P. C., & Vilela, I. (2020). Does information break the political resource curse? Experimental evidence from mozambique. American Economic Review, 110(11), 3431–3453. https://doi.org/10.1257/AER.20190842
Asako, Y., Iida, T., Matsubayashi, T., & Ueda, M. (2012). Dynastic Politicians: Theory and Evidence from Japan. SSRN Electronic Journal, 201201. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2118350
Asif, T., Guangming, O., Haider, M. A., Colomer, J., Kayani, S., & ul Amin, N. (2020). Moral education for sustainable development: Comparison of university teachers’ perceptions in China and Pakistan. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12073014
Astuti, P. A. S. (2023). Policy incoherence and unwillingness of the Indonesian government to curb its alarming tobacco epidemic. Tobacco Control, 32(4), 405–406. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2023-058114
Barsegyan, V., Knigge, A., & Maas, I. (2023). Social origin and political participation: does education compensate for or reinforce family advantages and disadvantages? Acta Politica, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41269-023-00296-5
Bjarnegård, E., & Zetterberg, P. (2022). How Autocrats Weaponize Women’S Rights. Journal of Democracy, 33(2), 60–75. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2022.0018
Bonotti, M., & Weinstock, D. (2021). Introduction: Parties, Electoral Systems and Political Theory. Representation, 57(3), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.1960590
Cuevas-RodrÃguez, G., Pérez-Calero, L., Gomez-Mejia, L., & Kopoboru Aguado, S. (2023). Family Firms’ Acquisitions and Politicians as Directors: A Socioemotional Wealth Approach. Family Business Review, 36(2), 223–253. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231162404
Darmansyah, R., & Syahrani, S. D. (2020). Politik Dinasti. Journal of Political Issues, 2(1), 34–46.
Daron Acemoglu, G. E. (2009). Political selection and persistence af bad goverments. NBER Working Paper, 2(5), 255. ???
Dewi, K. H. (2018). Gender Risk and Femininity: Personal Political Branding of Female Politicians in the Strong Political Dynasty Feature of South Sulawesi. Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.9489
Dulay, D. C. (2021). Institutional Knowledge at Singapore Management University When running for office runs in the family : Horizontal dynasties , policy and development in the Philippines When Running for Office Runs in the Family : Horizontal Dynasties , Policy and Develop. 1–86.
Endang Sutrisno, A. P. (2023). Legal Essence of Pancasila As the Basis of the Reality of Indonesian Life: To Improve the Welfare of the Fishing Community. Russian Law Journal, 11(9s), 1997–1998. https://doi.org/10.52783/rlj.v11i9s.1598
Fabre, C. (2023). Political corruption in unjust regimes. European Journal of Political Theory, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/14748851231186696
Fachrian, S., & Adriadi, A. (2023). Analisis Kinerja Komisi Pemilihan Umum Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat Pada Pilkada Tahun 2020 Di Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik (JISIP), 12(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.33366/jisip.v12i1.2540
Fasching, N., & Lelkes, Y. (2023). Ancestral Kinship and the Origins of Ideology. British Journal of Political Science, 111(2), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123422000709
Fealy, G. (2020). Jokowi in the Covid-19 Era: Repressive Pluralism, Dynasticism and the Overbearing State. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 56(3), 301–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2020.1846482
Ferrali, R., Grossman, G., & Larreguy, H. (2023). Can low-cost, scalable, online interventions increase youth informed political participation in electoral authoritarian contexts? Science Advances, 9(26), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adf1222
Fiva, J. H., & Smith, D. M. (2018). Political dynasties and the incumbency advantage in party-centered environments. American Political Science Review, 112(3), 706–712. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055418000047
Frindiyani, V., Naehu, A. M., & Rosidah, R. (2023). Filsafat Pancasila Sebagai Pedoman Hidup Bangsa Indonesia. Pro Patria: Jurnal Pendidikan, Kewarganegaraan, Hukum, Sosial, Dan Politik, 6(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.47080/propatria.v6i1.2504
Fumarola, A. (2020). The contexts of electoral accountability: Electoral integrity performance voting in 23 democracies. Government and Opposition, 55(1), 41–63. https://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2018.13
Harting, V. (2023). An Egalitarian Case for Class-Specific Political Institutions. Political Theory, 51(5), 843–868. https://doi.org/10.1177/00905917231178288
Holidin, D. (2022). The Compatibility of Islam and Pancasila in Indonesia’S Declining Democracy. Politics and Religion Journal, 16(2), 179–202. https://doi.org/10.54561/prj1602179h
Hudjolly, S. N., & Dewi, R. S. (2023). Pancasila Ideology in Political Education Programs. AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia, 2(2), 793–796. https://doi.org/10.57235/aurelia.v2i2.730
Ilmi, A., Irwan, U., Budi, S., & Wardani, E. (2021). The Women Candidates without Political Kinship Support: What Capitals Should You Utilize to Win The Election? Proceeding The First International Conference on Government Education Management and Tourism, 1(1), 210–221. http://conference.loupiasconference.org/index.php/ICoGEMT/article/view/179
Jalalzai, F., & Rincker, M. (2018). Blood is thicker than water: Family ties to political power worldwide. Historical Social Research, 43(4), 54–72. https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.43.2018.4.54-72
James, T. S., Garnett, H. A., Loeber, L., & van Ham, C. (2019). Electoral management and the organisational determinants of electoral integrity: Introduction. International Political Science Review, 40(3), 295–312. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512119828206
Jayanti, M., & Sowiyah, S. (2023). Implementation of Pancasila Ideology in Indonesian Educational Leadership: A Literature Review. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 06(06), 3148–3153. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v6-i6-08
Kaire, J. (2022). Can’t coalesce, can’t constrain: redefining elite influence in non-democracies. Political Science Research and Methods, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2022.44
Karimullah, S. S. (2023). Actualization of Pancasila as an Integrative Paradigm in Forming Imagination and Creativity. Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan, 3(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.52738/pjk.v3i1.141
Karyono, H., Sukmariningsih, R. M., & Isharyanto, J. E. (2023). Pancasila Ideology as the Basis for Building the Character of the Younger Generation in Indonesia. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 12(3), 319–326. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2023-0080
Kristianita, M. R., & Najicha, F. U. (2022). Implementation of Pancasila Democratic Values in General Elections and Freedom of Expression in Indonesia. Jupiis: Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 14(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v14i2.34190
Kubin, E., & von Sikorski, C. (2021). The role of (social) media in political polarization: a systematic review. Annals of the International Communication Association, 45(3), 188–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2021.1976070
Lado, J. (2022). DINASTI POLITIK DALAM KONTESTASI PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH DI INDONESIA. Syntax Idea, 3(8.5.2017), 2003–2005.
Lewis, B. D. (2023). Indonesia’s New Fiscal Decentralisation Law: A Critical Assessment. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 59(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/00074918.2023.2180838
Liddle, R. W., Mujani, S., & Irvani, D. (2022). Support for Family Politics and Democracy: Evidence from Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Indonesia (JISI), 3(2), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.15408/jisi.v3i2.29670
Maftuh. (2022). Politisasi Islam Pada Masa Kesultanan banten. Tamaddun, 10(2).
Mantzaris, A. V., & Domenikos, G. R. (2023). Exploring the entropic nature of political polarization through its formulation as a isolated thermodynamic system. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31585-w
Marbun, M. B. H., Susalit, E., Susilowati, U., & Andina, T. (2022). Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors in kidney transplant recipients in Jakarta, Indonesia: a cohort study. BMJ Open, 12(5), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059631
Maulida, S. Z., Xavier, M., & Elliot, M. (2023). The Essence of Pancasila as the Foundation and Ideology of the State: The Values of Pancasila. International Journal of Educational Narratives, 1(2), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.55849/ijen.v1i2.303
Meliala, F. C. D., & Permana, P. A. (2023). Competitive Threats to Political Dynasty in Indonesia: The Failure of the Yasin Limpo Family in the 2018 South Sulawesi Gubernatorial Election. Jurnal Politik, 9(1), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.7454/jp.v9i1.1139
Muqsith, M. A., Muzykant, V. L., Tayibnapis, R. G., & Pratomo, R. R. (2022). Revolutionizing Pancasila as the ideology of Indonesians. RUDN Journal of Sociology, 22(4), 860–871. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2022-22-4-860-871
Mutahir, A., Puspitasari, E., Rostikawati, R., Rizkidarajat, W., & Ihsan, A. (2023). Perubahan Nilai Anak di Banyumas. Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 6(2), 437–453. https://doi.org/10.37329/ganaya.v6i2.2480
Ngesthi, Y. S. E., Anjaya, C. E., Saptorini, S., Arifianto, Y. A., & Triposa, R. (2023). Synergy of Pancasila Humanism and Theological Ethics: The Foundation for Building a Digital Culture towards the unity of the Indonesian Nation. Pharos Journal of Theology, 104(2). https://doi.org/10.46222/PHAROSJOT.104.26
Nugraheni, S. D., Angel, V., Puspita, V. H., Santi, W. N., & Fitriono, R. A. (2023). Pancasila as an Ethical System. JETISH: Journal of Education Technology Information Social Sciences and Health, 1(2), 196–200. https://doi.org/10.57235/jetish.v1i2.126
Nurdin, I., Suaib, E., Zuada, L. H., & Rompo Banne, I. (2017). Filipinazion of Indonesian Politics: Politics of Family Formation in Southeast Sulawesi. Scientific Journal of PPI - UKM, 3(7), 333–340. https://doi.org/10.27512/sjppi-ukm/ses/a09062017
Oliveira, S. L. da C., & Souza, W. P. S. de F. (2022). Political Dynasties and Corruption: Evidence from Brazil. Research Square. https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1149260650%0Ahttps://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1795376/latest.pdf
Paricio-Esteban, M. P., Puchalt-López, M., GarcÃa-Alcober, M. P., & Nicasio-Varea, B. (2023). Political parties’ influence on the transparency and participation of Spanish municipal websites: the case of Catalonia, the Community of Madrid, the Community of Valencia, and the Region of Murcia. Profesional de La Informacion, 32(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2023.ene.20
Pelzl, P., & Poelhekke, S. (2023). Democratization, leader education and growth: firm-level evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Economic Growth, 28(4), 571–600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-022-09221-5
Permana, D. (2023). Political Dynasties in the Government System in Indonesia. Ministrate: Jurnal Birokrasi Dan Pemerintahan Daerah, 5(3), 153–163.
Prabowo, H., & Hartati, S. (2019). Dynasty Politics in Succession of Village Leadership: A Case Study in the Village of Cileunyi Wetan, Indonesia. International Journal of Science and Society, 1(3), 80–86. https://doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v1i3.31
Putri, R. W., Sabatira, F., Davey, O. M., Saputra, M. F., & Natamiharja, R. (2023). Indonesia’S Democracy and Constitution: Reflecting Human Rights Based on Pancasila. Journal of Law and Policy Transformation, 7(2), 100. https://doi.org/10.37253/jlpt.v7i2.7235
Rusnaedy, Z., Fatma, F., & Haris, A. (2021). Political Dynasty and Single Candidate in Indonesian Local Elections: Where Are The Parties? Journal of Governance and Local Politics (JGLP), 3(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.47650/jglp.v3i2.297
Samosir, O. B., Radjiman, D. S., & Aninditya, F. (2023). Food consumption diversity and nutritional status among children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia: The analysis of the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research. PLoS ONE, 18(3 March), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281426
Santika, I. G. N., I Made Kartika, I Gede Sujana, & Ni Made Adhi Dwindayani. (2023). The Dynamic History of the Journey of Pancasila as the Foundation of the Indonesian State. Journal of Sustainable Development Science, 5(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.46650/jsds.5.1.1432.25-32
Sekaringtias, A., Verrier, B., & Cronin, J. (2023). Untangling the socio-political knots: A systems view on Indonesia’s inclusive energy transitions. Energy Research and Social Science, 95(May 2022), 102911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2022.102911
Sembiring, W. M., Subhilhar, Kusmanto, H., & Ridho, H. (2023). The Politicization of Religion and Polarization of Hate in the 2018 North Sumatra Regional Head Election Indonesia. Pharos Journal of Theology, 104(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.46222/pharosjot.104.328
Setiawan, H., & Sa’diyah, K. (2021). The Strength of the Kinship Politics Network and Modalities of Pilar Saga in the 2020 South Tangerang Regional Head Election. Bestuurskunde: Journal of Governmental Studies, 1(2), 119–130. https://doi.org/10.53013/bestuurskunde.1.1.119-130
Shi, C., Dutt, A., Jacquez, F., & Wright, B. (2023). Transformative impacts of a civic leadership program created by and for refugees and immigrants. Journal of Community Psychology, 51(5), 2300–2318. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.23028
Silitonga, M. S., Wittek, R., Snijders, T. A. B., & Heyse, L. (2023). Democratizing corruption: a role structure analysis of Indonesia’s “Big Bang†decentralization. Applied Network Science, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41109-023-00535-w
Soemantri, D., Findyartini, A., Yolanda, S., Morley, E., & Patterson, F. (2022). Evaluation of Situational Judgment Tests in student selection in Indonesia and the impact on diversity issues. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03247-4
Sukti, S., Warsito, T., Qodir, Z., & Jubba, H. (2022). Political Dynamics of Islamic Law in the Reform Era: A Study of the Response of Muhammadiyah Cadres in Central Kalimantan. Samarah, 6(2), 1022–1045. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i2.12415
Supratikno, A. (2022). Reviewing Identity Politics from Pancasila Democracy. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-9-2021.2315573
Suwignyo, A., & Yuliantri, R. D. A. (2023). An Analysis of the Discursive Gap in the Ideas and Practices of Musyawarah Mufakat in the Indonesian Nation-State Formation, 1900-1980s. Paramita, 33(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v33i1.41514
Tedla, W. T., & Mekonen, K. D. (2023). Inheritance-induced familial disputes in north-west Ethiopia: the role of legal-policy gaps and aggravating socio-economic dynamics. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01558-5
Teney, C., Dochow-Sondershaus, S., & Lovette, F. (2024). The Gendered Effect of Parenthood on Voting Behaviour in the 2021 German Federal Election. German Politics, 33(1), 22–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2023.2196410
Tyson, A., & Nawawi. (2022). Dictators Never Die: Political Transition, Dynastic Regime Recovery and the 2021 Suharto Commemoration in Indonesia. Contemporary Southeast Asia, 44(3), 421–452. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs44-3i
Vasist, P. N., Chatterjee, D., & Krishnan, S. (2023). The Polarizing Impact of Political Disinformation and Hate Speech: A Cross-country Configural Narrative. Information Systems Frontiers, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-023-10390-w
Wang, W., Hoang, A. P., & Jordan, L. P. (2023). The intimate affliction of vicarious racialization: Afro-Chinese couples in South China. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 24(3), 397–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2023.2209425
Weiss, J. (2023). Intergenerational transmission of left-right ideology: A question of gender and parenting style? Frontiers in Political Science, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2023.1080543
Wirasaputra, B., & Satria, A. B. (2023). Making Inheritance Certificate Studied from the Philosophy of Pancasila. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, 06(06), 2822–2828. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i6-83
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 JPK (Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.






