THE EFFECT OF THE GAME LANGKAH TAPAK GMBIRA ON THE GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY CHILDREN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24269/ijhs.v9i2.12207Abstract
The ages of 5–6 years represent a golden period in child development, during which gross motor skills undergo rapid growth. Nevertheless, some children continue to experience developmental delays due to limited stimulation. This study investigated the effect of the Lantara game, a structured physical activity, on the gross motor skills of children aged 60–72 months at TK Gelora Mekar, Way Tenong District, West Lampung Regency, in 2025. A quantitative approach with a one-group pretest–posttest design was employed. The sample consisted of 22 children selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were obtained through observation and standardized gross motor assessments administered before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses included normality testing and paired sample t-tests. The results demonstrated significant improvements in all domains of gross motor skills following the intervention: Jump on one leg increased from 2.23 to 3.91, Stand on one leg for several seconds, from 2.32 to 3.82, Walk in a straight line, from 2.36 to 3.95, and Jump forward from 2.36 to 3.95 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that the Lantara game is an effective medium for stimulating gross motor development in early childhood. Its application may serve as a practical, play-based strategy to address developmental delays and promote holistic growth in preschool settings.
References
REFERENCES
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[2]. Reswari, A. (2021). The Effectiveness of a Modified Basketball Game on the Gross Motor Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Early Childhood Education Journal), 6(1), 17–29.
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[4]. Amin, I. (2024). Motor Development in Elementary School Children through Integrated Education and Physical Activities. Permadani: Journal of Civil Society Research Service, 2(2), 60-69.
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[8]. Khadijah; Amelia, N. (2020). Physical and Motor Development of Early Childhood (1st ed.).
[9]. Ananditha, A. C. (2017). Factors related to gross motor development in toddlers. Muhammadiyah Nursing Journal, 2(1), 40-8.
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[11]. Hura, D. (2024). Factors Influencing Gross Motor Development in 3-5 Year Old Children in Lasara Sawo Village, Sawo District, Nias Regency. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Research, 2(1), 213–222.
[12]. Richard, O. (2021). Identification of Gross Motor Skills in Preschool Children Aged 4-6 Years at Khm. Noer Kindergarten, Surabaya. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952., 2013–2015.
[13]. Shinta Nurtazali Putri, & Nurul Afrianti. (2023). The Effect of Playing with Eduter Playmats on the Crawling, Rolling, and Jumping Skills of 4-5 Year Old Children. Early Childhood Education Teacher Education Research Journal, 13–18.
[14]. Roflin, Eddy; Liberty, I. A. and P. (2021). Population, Sample, Variables in Medical Research. PT. Nasya Expanding Management.
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[17]. Siregar, N. M., Budiningsih, M., & Novitasari, E. F. (2018). A Game-Based Flexibility Training Model for Children Aged 6 to 12 Years. In Proceedings of the Seminar and Workshop of the Faculty of Sport Science, Jakarta State University (Vol. 3, No. 01, pp. 75-87).
[18]. Sumiati, U., Fatimah Zahro, I., & Khalif Alam, S. (2023). Strategies for Stimulating Gross Motor Development in Early Childhood Through Travel Playmats. Jurnal CERIA (Smart, Energetic, Responsive, Innovative, Adaptive), 6(3), 258–266.
[19]. Fathurrahma, A. (2023). The Effect of Footprint Playmats on Gross Motor Skills in Children Aged 5-6 Years at Raudhatul Jannah Kindergarten, Taman Rajo. Thesis.
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[21]. Yanti, E., & Fridalni, N. (2020). FACTORS INFLUENCING MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika, 11(2), 226–235.
[22]. Qomariah, D. N., & Hamidah, S. (2022). Exploring the benefits of traditional games in improving gross motor skills: an early childhood context. PLS Window, 7(1), 8-23.
[23]. Novitasari, R., Nasirun, M., & D., D. (2019). Improving Children's Gross Motor Skills Through Playing with Hulahoops in Group B Children at Al-Syafaqoh Preschool, Rejang Lebong Regency. Potensia Scientific Journal, 3(1), 6–12.
[24]. Hasliza, P., & Anisa, N. (2020). Development of the "Joyful Footprints" Game to Enhance Kinesthetic Intelligence in 5-6 Year Old Children. Journal of Early Childhood Education, 2(1), 26–35.
[25]. Rofi’ah, S., & Widiyati, E. (2020). The Effectiveness of Using the "Travel Playmat" Educational Tool to Develop Gross Motor Skills in 7-Year-Old Children. Journal of the IKA PGSD (PGSD Alumni Association) UNARS, 8(2), 410.
[26]. Tangse, U. H. M., & Dimyati, D. (2021). Relay Games to Improve Gross Motor Skills in 5-6 Year Old Children. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(1), 9–16.
[27]. Erwanda, D. R., & Sutapa, P. (2023). Development of traditional Gobak Sodor game media to improve gross motor skills in children aged 5-6 years. Obsession Journal: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 7(3), 3323-3334.
[28]. Hidayah, R. L., & Khan, R. I. (2021, December). Utilization of circuit games to hone gross motor skills in early childhood. In Proceedings of SEMDIKJAR (National Seminar on Education and Learning) (Vol. 4, pp. 646-654).
[29]. Anggraini, M. P., & Dwi, D. (2022). Gross motor development in early childhood
[30]. Volkers, M. (2019). Improving Gross Motor Skills in 5-6 Year Old Children Through Jump Rope Games at PAUD AL-IKHLAS, South Tangerang. Anza, 8(5), 55.
[31]. Sistiarini, R. D. (2021). Development of the Animove Circuit Game to Stimulate Gross Motor Skills in Children Aged 5-6 Years. AWLADY: Journal of Child Education, 7(1), 46.
[32]. Ubaedah, D., Fatimah, A., & Kusumawardani, R. (2019). Improving gross motor skills through animal rhythmic gymnastics. Journal of Research and Development of Early Childhood Education, 6(1), 29–40.
[33]. Jf, N. Z., & Mahrani, N. (2025). STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING FINE AND GROSS MOTOR SKILLS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH STRUCTURED PLAY ACTIVITIES. AL IHSAN: Journal of Islamic Education for Early Childhood, 6(1), 024–036
[1]. Fatmawati, F. A. (2020). Physical motor development in early childhood. Caremedia Communication.
[2]. Reswari, A. (2021). The Effectiveness of a Modified Basketball Game on the Gross Motor Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Early Childhood Education Journal), 6(1), 17–29.
[3]. Directorate of Early Childhood Education. (2021). No Title: Checklist Format for Child Development Assessment. 2021.
[4]. Amin, I. (2024). Motor Development in Elementary School Children through Integrated Education and Physical Activities. Permadani: Journal of Civil Society Research Service, 2(2), 60-69.
[5]. WHO. (2023). Global report on children with developmental disabilities.
[6]. Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. (2018). 2018 National Riskesdas Report.pdf. In Balitbangkes Publishing Institute (p. 156).
[7]. Lampung Health Office. (2023). Lampung Health Profile 2023. 44, 1–326.
[8]. Khadijah; Amelia, N. (2020). Physical and Motor Development of Early Childhood (1st ed.).
[9]. Ananditha, A. C. (2017). Factors related to gross motor development in toddlers. Muhammadiyah Nursing Journal, 2(1), 40-8.
[10]. Ministry of Education and Culture,- REGULATION OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION AND CULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA, Pub. L. No. 137 of 2014, 10 Educhild Journal: Education and Social Sciences 6 (2014).
[11]. Hura, D. (2024). Factors Influencing Gross Motor Development in 3-5 Year Old Children in Lasara Sawo Village, Sawo District, Nias Regency. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Research, 2(1), 213–222.
[12]. Richard, O. (2021). Identification of Gross Motor Skills in Preschool Children Aged 4-6 Years at Khm. Noer Kindergarten, Surabaya. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952., 2013–2015.
[13]. Shinta Nurtazali Putri, & Nurul Afrianti. (2023). The Effect of Playing with Eduter Playmats on the Crawling, Rolling, and Jumping Skills of 4-5 Year Old Children. Early Childhood Education Teacher Education Research Journal, 13–18.
[14]. Roflin, Eddy; Liberty, I. A. and P. (2021). Population, Sample, Variables in Medical Research. PT. Nasya Expanding Management.
[15]. Setya Mustafa, P., Gusdiyanto, H., Victoria, A., Kukuh Masgumelar, N., Dyah Lestariningsih, N., & Maslacha, H. (2022). Quantitative, Qualitative, and Classroom Action Research Methodologies in Physical Education (Issue 112). December 1, 2022
[16]. Ekayanti Tarigan, & Bukit, S. (2022). Improving Gross Motor Skills in 5-6 Year Old Children Through the Footprint Game at Pembina Pancur Batu State Kindergarten, Academic Year 2021/2022. DIAJAR: Journal of Education and Learning, 1(2), 152–158.
[17]. Siregar, N. M., Budiningsih, M., & Novitasari, E. F. (2018). A Game-Based Flexibility Training Model for Children Aged 6 to 12 Years. In Proceedings of the Seminar and Workshop of the Faculty of Sport Science, Jakarta State University (Vol. 3, No. 01, pp. 75-87).
[18]. Sumiati, U., Fatimah Zahro, I., & Khalif Alam, S. (2023). Strategies for Stimulating Gross Motor Development in Early Childhood Through Travel Playmats. Jurnal CERIA (Smart, Energetic, Responsive, Innovative, Adaptive), 6(3), 258–266.
[19]. Fathurrahma, A. (2023). The Effect of Footprint Playmats on Gross Motor Skills in Children Aged 5-6 Years at Raudhatul Jannah Kindergarten, Taman Rajo. Thesis.
[20]. Nurlailah, R. (2021). The Effect of Footprints on the Gross Motor Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children at PITUE Mandiri Kindergarten, Pangkajene Regency. 2023.
[21]. Yanti, E., & Fridalni, N. (2020). FACTORS INFLUENCING MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika Saintika, 11(2), 226–235.
[22]. Qomariah, D. N., & Hamidah, S. (2022). Exploring the benefits of traditional games in improving gross motor skills: an early childhood context. PLS Window, 7(1), 8-23.
[23]. Novitasari, R., Nasirun, M., & D., D. (2019). Improving Children's Gross Motor Skills Through Playing with Hulahoops in Group B Children at Al-Syafaqoh Preschool, Rejang Lebong Regency. Potensia Scientific Journal, 3(1), 6–12.
[24]. Hasliza, P., & Anisa, N. (2020). Development of the "Joyful Footprints" Game to Enhance Kinesthetic Intelligence in 5-6 Year Old Children. Journal of Early Childhood Education, 2(1), 26–35.
[25]. Rofi’ah, S., & Widiyati, E. (2020). The Effectiveness of Using the "Travel Playmat" Educational Tool to Develop Gross Motor Skills in 7-Year-Old Children. Journal of the IKA PGSD (PGSD Alumni Association) UNARS, 8(2), 410.
[26]. Tangse, U. H. M., & Dimyati, D. (2021). Relay Games to Improve Gross Motor Skills in 5-6 Year Old Children. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(1), 9–16.
[27]. Erwanda, D. R., & Sutapa, P. (2023). Development of traditional Gobak Sodor game media to improve gross motor skills in children aged 5-6 years. Obsession Journal: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 7(3), 3323-3334.
[28]. Hidayah, R. L., & Khan, R. I. (2021, December). Utilization of circuit games to hone gross motor skills in early childhood. In Proceedings of SEMDIKJAR (National Seminar on Education and Learning) (Vol. 4, pp. 646-654).
[29]. Anggraini, M. P., & Dwi, D. (2022). Gross motor development in early childhood
[30]. Volkers, M. (2019). Improving Gross Motor Skills in 5-6 Year Old Children Through Jump Rope Games at PAUD AL-IKHLAS, South Tangerang. Anza, 8(5), 55.
[31]. Sistiarini, R. D. (2021). Development of the Animove Circuit Game to Stimulate Gross Motor Skills in Children Aged 5-6 Years. AWLADY: Journal of Child Education, 7(1), 46.
[32]. Ubaedah, D., Fatimah, A., & Kusumawardani, R. (2019). Improving gross motor skills through animal rhythmic gymnastics. Journal of Research and Development of Early Childhood Education, 6(1), 29–40.
[33]. Jf, N. Z., & Mahrani, N. (2025). STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING FINE AND GROSS MOTOR SKILLS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD THROUGH STRUCTURED PLAY ACTIVITIES. AL IHSAN: Journal of Islamic Education for Early Childhood, 6(1), 024–036
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