THE CORRELATION BETWEEN COVID-19 KNOWLEDGE AND COMMUNITY ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN INDONESIA’S RED ZONE DURING THE PANDEMIC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24269/ijhs.v9i1.10742Abstract
The rapid spread of Covid-19 has impacted physical and psychological well-being globally, including in Indonesia. Anxiety and depression are prevalent psychological challenges during the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the relationship between Covid-19 knowledge and psychological outcomes—anxiety and depression—among residents in Indonesia's high-risk "red zones." A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 394 respondents who met inclusion criteria, selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using online surveys incorporating the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP), GAD-7, and PHQ-9 questionnaires. Results indicated that 84.5% of respondents had good knowledge of Covid-19. However, 35.3% and 27.9% reported depression and anxiety, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis found no significant relationship between Covid-19 knowledge and either anxiety (p = 0.311) or depression (p = 0.356). These findings suggest that while knowledge levels were high, psychological issues persisted, highlighting a gap in addressing mental health during the pandemic. This study underscores the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the psychological impact of Covid-19 in high-risk communities
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[4] R. Dewi, “Apa Beda Daerah Level 4 dan Zona Merah? Halaman all - Kompas.com.†Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2021/07/27/150200465/apa-beda-daerah-level-4-dan-zona-merah-?page=all
[5] G. R. Suwandi and E. Malinti, “Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Terhadap Covid-19 Pada Remaja Di SMA Advent Balikpapan | Suwandi | Malahayati Nursing Journal.†Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: http://ejurnalmalahayati.ac.id/index.php/manuju/article/view/2991
[6] A. Mutia, “Survei: 68% Orang Depresi Akibat Covid-19.†Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/06/17/survei-covid-19-menggangu-kesehatan-jiwa-68-orang-depresi
[7] C. Wang et al., “Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China,†Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health, vol. 17, no. 5, p. 1729, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051729.
[8] A. V. Merino and N. Munoz-Agustin, “Analysis of the Stress, Anxiety and Healthy Habits in the Spanish COVID-19 Confinement | Abstract.†Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.hsj.gr/abstract/analysis-of-the-stress-anxiety-and-healthy-habits-in-the-spanish-covid19-confinement-26874.html
[9] M. A. Islam, S. D. Barna, H. Raihan, M. N. A. Khan, and M. T. Hossain, “Depression and anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional survey,†PLOS ONE, vol. 15, no. 8, p. e0238162, 26 Agu 20, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238162.
[10] R. N. Natalia, E. Malinti, and Y. Elon, “Kesiapsiagaan Remaja Dalam Menghadapi Wabah COVID-19,†J. Ilm. Kesehat. Diagn., vol. 15, no. 2, Art. no. 2, May 2020.
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[13] S. Tasnim, M. M. Hossain, and H. Mazumder, “Impact of Rumors and Misinformation on COVID-19 in Social Media,†J. Prev. Med. Public Health Yebang Uihakhoe Chi, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 171–174, May 2020, doi: 10.3961/jpmph.20.094.
[14] Y. Lin, Z. Hu, H. Alias, and L. P. Wong, “Knowledge, Attitudes, Impact, and Anxiety Regarding COVID-19 Infection Among the Public in China,†Front. Public Health, vol. 8, 2020, Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00236
[15] K. Sørensen et al., “Health literacy and public health: A systematic review and integration of definitions and models,†BMC Public Health, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 80, Jan. 2012, doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-80.
[16] C. A. D’Prinzessin, “Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 terhadap Tingkat Stres dan Kecemasan pada Mahasiswa Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2017,†2021, Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/30975
[17] S. Sögüt, İ. Dolu, and E. Cangöl, “The relationship between COVID-19 knowledge levels and anxiety states of midwifery students during the outbreak: A cross-sectional web-based survey,†Perspect. Psychiatr. Care, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 246–252, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1111/ppc.12555.
[18] B. Nadeak, “Correlation between Knowledge, Experience and Common Sense, with Critical Thinking Capability of Medical Faculty’s Students at Indonesia Christian University,†J. Educ. Pract., p. 11, 2015.
[19] G. Verma, A. Bhardwaj, T. Aledavood, M. De Choudhury, and S. Kumar, “Examining the impact of sharing COVID-19 misinformation online on mental health,†Sci. Rep., vol. 12, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2022, doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11488-y.
[20] Kemenkes RI, “Infeksi Emerging Kementerian Kesehatan RI.†Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://infeksiemerging.kemkes.go.id/
[21] G. Anindyajati et al., “Anxiety and Its Associated Factors During the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia,†Front. Psychiatry, vol. 12, 2021, Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.634585
[22] Y. Al-Shannaq, A. A. Mohammad, and M. Aldalaykeh, “Depression, coping skills, and quality of life among Jordanian adults during the initial outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic: cross sectional study,†Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 4, p. e06873, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06873.
[23] N. Lumongga, Depresi: Tinjauan Psikologis. Kencana, 2016.
[24] Rizki, Suwistianisa, Nurul ', Huda, Juniar ', and Ernawaty, “Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Depresi pada Pasien Kanker yang Dirawat di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau,†Journal:eArticle, Universitas Riau, 2016. Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/188107/
[25] D. Ariasti and J. Sutrisno, “Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Tentang Proses Menua dengan Tingkat Depresi Pada Lansia di Desa Majasto Sukoharjo,†KOSALA J. Ilmu Kesehat., vol. 4, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Sep. 2016, doi: 10.37831/jik.v4i2.102.
[26] N. V. Rahmawati, D. T. P. Utomo, and F. Ahsanah, “FUN HANDWASHING SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA ANAK USIA DINI,†JMM J. Masy. Mandiri, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 217–224, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.31764/jmm.v4i2.1958.
[27] N. Akhtar-Danesh and J. Landeen, “Relation between depression and sociodemographic factors,†Int. J. Ment. Health Syst., vol. 1, no. 1, p. 4, Sep. 2007, doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-1-4.
[28] Gonca Ustun, “Determining depression and related factors in a society affected by COVID-19 pandemic -.†Accessed: Aug. 26, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020764020938807
[29] G. F. Lempang, W. Walenta, K. A. Rahma, N. Retalista, F. J. Maluegha, and F. I. P. Utomo, “Depresi Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 pada Masyarakat Perkotaan (Studi Literatur),†J. Pamator J. Ilm. Univ. Trunojoyo, vol. 14, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2021, doi: 10.21107/pamator.v14i1.9854.
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