Enhancing the Resilience of F&B MSMEs Through Mitigating Environmental Uncertainty Risks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24269/ekuilibrium.v21i1.2026.pp250-267Abstract
The food and beverage (F&B) industry faces significant challenges in risk management due to the unpredictable quality of internal and external environments. This study aims to classify various types of risks and analyze risk management to improve the resilience of the F&B MSME supply chain. This study was conducted in Surakarta City, Indonesia, involving 250 F&B MSME business units, representing approximately 41.12% of the total MSME population. A total of 20 types of risks were classified into 4 groups using a structural model. MICMAC analysis was used to analyze the role of each type of risk. The interactions of 20 types of risks were classified by MICMAC analysis into four groups: linkage, autonomous dependent, and independent, and identify the types of risks that are relatively critical in the system. The findings of this study provide a clear framework for MSMEs to understand the risks they face and how these risks interact in the system. MICMAC analysis categorizes the many risk types inside the system to aid in the development of suitable mitigation strategies. This study provides a comprehensive understanding to MSMEs on how risks can be managed effectively and serves as a basis for further exploration. The novelty lies in the integration of vulnerability analysis and MICMAC-based risk classification in the context of F&B MSMEs. MICMAC analysis offers clear insights for researchers and MSMEs to understand complex risks.
Downloads
References
Balaji, M. and Arshinder, K. (2016), “Modeling the causes of F&B wastage in Indian perishable F&B supply chainâ€, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 114, pp. 153-167
Christopher, M. and Peck, H. (2004), “Building the resilient supply chainâ€, The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 15 No. 2, pp. 1-14.
Davlasheridze, M. and Geylani, P.C., 2017, “Small business vulnerability to floods and the effects of disaster loansâ€, Small Business Economics, Vol. 49 No. 4, pp. 865-888, doi: 10.1007/s11187 017-98595.
Fartaj, S.-R., Kabir, G., Eghujovbo, V., Ali, S. M., & Paul, S. K. (2020). Modeling transportation disruptions in the supply chain of automotive parts manufacturing company. International Journal of Production Economics, 222, 107511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.09.032
Feng, J., Yuan, B., Li, X., Tian, D. and Mu, W. (2021), “Evaluation on risks of sustainable supply chain based on optimized BP neural networks in fresh grape industryâ€, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol. 183, p. 105988.
Goel, R. K. (2022). Contributions of creative outputs to economic growth: A disaggregated analysis. Managerial and Decision Economics, 43 (8), pp. 3872-3881.
Heinzlef, C., Becue, V., and Serre, D.: Operationalizing urban resilience to floods in embanked territories – Application in Avignon, Provence Alpes Côte d'azur region, Saf. Sci., 118, 181–193, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.05.003, 2019. 
Isa M, Fauzi A, Susilowati I. Flood risk reduction in the northern coast of Central Java Province, Indonesia: An application of stakeholder's analysis. Jamba. 2019 Jul 18;11(1):660. doi: 10.4102/jamba.v11i1.660. PMID: 31391874; PMCID: PMC6676959.
Isa M, Mardalis A. Flood vulnerability and economic valuation of small and medium-sized enterprise owners to enhance sustainability. Jamba. 2022 Sep 28;14(1):1306. doi: 10.4102/jamba.v14i1.1306. PMID: 36263156; PMCID: PMC9575373.
Isa M, Sugiyanto FX, Susilowati I. (2018). Community Resilience to floods in The Coastal Zone for Disaster Risk Reduction, Jà mbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies. 10 (1),
Isa M, Sugiyanto FX, Susilowati I. Adaptation and Mitigation Model for People to Restore Their Ecosystem from Flood in Semarang, Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 2015: 16 (2), 166-173
Isa M, Wajdi MF, Mabruroh, Hayati SFN. Sustainability of Rice Business in Flood-Prone Areas. Journal of Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 2021: 77(4):6–18.
Kamalipoor, M., Akbari, M., Hejazi, S.R., & Nazarian, A. (2023). The vulnerability of Technology-based Business during COVID-19: An indicator-based Conceptual Framework. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing. 38 (5), 983-999. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-10-2020-0455
Kamble, Sachin S. & Gunasekaran, Angappa & Gawankar, Shradha A., 2020. "Achieving sustainable performance in a data-driven agriculture supply chain: A review for research and applications," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 179-194. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2019.05.022
Kulikovskaja, V. and Aschemann-Witzel, J. (2017), “F&B waste avoidance actions in F&B retailing: the case of Denmarkâ€, Journal of International F&B & Agribusiness Marketing, Vol. 29 No. 4, pp. 328-345.
Kumar, A., Mangla, S.K., Kumar, P. and Song, M. (2021), “Mitigate risks in perishable F&B supply chains: learning from COVID-19â€, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 166, pp. 120643
Li, Yuanyuan; Fan, Lin; Zhang, Zhigang; Wei, Zhengjie; Qin, Zhenyuana, 2023, Exploring the design risks affecting operation performance of green commercial buildings in China. (2023) Journal of Building Engineering, 64, Article Number 105711.
Lo, A.Y., Liu, S. and Cheung, L.T.O. (2019). Socioeconomic conditions and small business vulnerability to climate change impacts in Hong Kong, Climate and Development, Vol. 11 No. 10, pp. 930-942, doi: 10.1080/ 17565529.2019.1594665.
Love, D.C., Nussbaumer, E.M., Harding, J., Gephart, J.A., Anderson, J.L., Asche, F., Stoll, J.S., Thorne-Lyman, A.L. and Bloem, M.W. (2021), “Risks shift along seaF&B supply chainsâ€, Global F&B Security, Vol. 28, p. 100476\
Magalhães, V.S.M., Ferreira, L.M.D.F. and Silva, C. (2021), “Using a methodological approach to model causes of F&B loss and waste in fruit and vegetable supply chainsâ€, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 283, p. 124574.
Magalhães, V.S.M., Ferreira, L.M.D.F. and Silva, C. (2021), “Using a methodological approach to model causes of F&B loss and waste in fruit and vegetable supply chainsâ€, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 283, p. 124574.
Marucheck, A., Greis, N., Mena, C., & Cai, L. (2011). Product safety and security in the global supply chain: Issues, challenges and research opportunities. Journal of Operations Management, 29(7-8), 707-720.
Mishra, B. K., Rafiei Emam, A., Masago, Y., Kumar, P., Regmi, R. K., and Fukushi, K.: Assessment of future flood inundations under climate and land use change scenarios in the Ciliwung River Basin, Jakarta, J. Flood Risk Manage., 11, S1105–S1115, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12311, 2018. 
Murry, J.W., Jr., & Hammons, J.O. (1995). Delphi: A Versatile Methodology for Conducting Qualitative Research. The Review of Higher Education 18(4), 423-436. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rhe.1995.0008.
Nakandala, D., Lau, H. and Zhao, L. (2017), “Development of a hybrid fresh F&B supply chain risk assessment modelâ€, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 55 No. 14, pp. 4180-4195.
Nursini, N. (2020). Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and poverty reduction: empirical evidence from Indonesia. Development Studies Research, 7(1), 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2020.1823238
Nyamah, E.Y., Jiang, Y., Feng, Y. and Enchill, E. (2017), “Agri-F&B supply chain performance: an empirical impact of riskâ€, Management Decision, Vol. 55 No. 5, pp. 872-891.
Paillin, D. B. and Tupan, J. M. (2021). The supply chain risk assessment for tuna during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ambon by using the House of Risk Method. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/797/1/012024
Paillin, D.B.; Tupan, J.; Paillin, J.B.; Latuny, W. and Lawalata, V. (2022). Risk Assessment And Risk Mitigation In A Sustainable Tuna Supply Chain. Acta Logistica, 9(1): 51–61. https://doi.org/10.22306/al.v9i1.270
Papargyropoulou, E., Lozano, R., Steinberger, J.K., Wright, N. and Ujang, Z. (2014), “The F&B waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of F&B surplus and F&B wasteâ€, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 76, pp. 106-115.
Priefer, C., Jörissen, J. and Bräutigam, K.-R. (2016), “F&B waste prevention in Europe – a cause-driven approach to identify the most relevant leverage points for actionâ€, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 109, pp. 155-165
Purnomo, B. R., Adiguna, R., Widodo, Suyatna, H., Nusantoro, B.P. (2021). Entrepreneurial resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic: navigating survival, continuity and growth. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13 (4), pp. 497-524.
Safari, A., Balicevac Al Ismail, V., Parast, M., Gölgeci, I. and Pokharel, S. (2024), "Supply chain risk and resilience in startups, SMEs, and large enterprises: a systematic review and directions for research", The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 35 No. 2, pp. 680-709. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-10-2022-0422
Tang, O. and Nurmaya Musa, S. (2011), “Identifying risk issues and research advancements in supply chain risk managementâ€, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 133 No. 1, pp. 25-34.
Tromp, I., Jong, J. K. De, Raat, H., Jaddoe, V., Franco, O., Hofman, A., De Jongste, J., & Moll, H. (2017). Breastfeeding and the Risk of Respiratory Tract Infections After Infancy: The Generation R Study. PLoS ONE, 12(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172763
Weis, S.W., Agostini, V.N., Roth, L.M., Gilmer, B., Schill, S.R., Knowles, J.E., Blyther, R. (2016). Assessing Vulnerability: An Integrated Approach For Mapping Adaptive, Sensitivity, And Exposure. Climate Change (2016) 136:615-629.
Wu, J.-Y. and Hsiao, H.-I. (2021), “F&B quality and safety risk diagnosis in the F&B cold chain through failure mode and effect analysisâ€, F&B Control, Vol. 120, p. 107501.
Zhao, G., Liu, S., Lopez, C., Chen, H., Lu, H., Mangla, S.K. and Elgueta, S. (2020), “Risk analysis of the agri-F&B supply chain: a multi-method approachâ€, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 58 No. 16, pp. 4851-4876.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Retained Rights/Terms and Conditions of Publication
1. As an author you (or your employer or institution) may do the following:
- make copies (print or electronic) of the article for your own personal use, including for your own classroom teaching use;
- make copies and distribute such copies (including through e-mail) of the article to research colleagues, for the personal use by such colleagues (but not commercially or systematically, e.g. via an e-mail list or list server);
- present the article at a meeting or conference and to distribute copies of the article to the delegates attending such meeting;
- for your employer, if the article is a ‘work for hire’, made within the scope of your employment, your employer may use all or part of the information in the article for other intra-company use (e.g. training);
- retain patent and trademark rights and rights to any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the article;
- include the article in full or in part in a thesis or dissertation (provided that this is not to be published commercially);
- use the article or any part thereof in a printed compilation of your works, such as collected writings or lecture notes (subsequent to publication of the article in the journal); and prepare other derivative works, to extend the article into book-length form, or to otherwise re-use portions or excerpts in other works, with full acknowledgement of its original publication in the journal;
- may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the article, material extracted from the article, or derivative works for the author's personal use or for company use, provided that the source and the copyright notice are indicated, the copies are not used in any way that implies RCEPM-LIPI endorsement of a product or service of any employer, and the copies themselves are not offered for sale.
All copies, print or electronic, or other use of the paper or article must include the appropriate bibliographic citation for the article's publication in the journal.
2. Requests from third parties
Although authors are permitted to re-use all or portions of the article in other works, this does not include granting third-party requests for reprinting, republishing, or other types of re-use. Requests for all uses not included above, including the authorization of third parties to reproduce or otherwise use all or part of the article.
3. Author Online Use
- Personal Servers. Authors and/or their employers shall have the right to post the accepted version of articles pre-print version of the article, or revised personal version of the final text of the article (to reflect changes made in the peer review and editing process) on their own personal servers or the servers of their institutions or employers without permission from Universitas Muhamamdiyah Ponorogo, provided that the posted version includes a prominently displayed Universitas Muhamamdiyah Ponorogo copyright notice and, when published, a full citation to the original publication, including a link to the article abstract in the journal homepage. Authors shall not post the final, published versions of their papers;
- Classroom or Internal Training Use. An author is expressly permitted to post any portion of the accepted version of his/her own articles on the author's personal web site or the servers of the author's institution or company in connection with the author's teaching, training, or work responsibilities, provided that the appropriate copyright, credit, and reuse notices appear prominently with the posted material. Examples of permitted uses are lecture materials, course packs, e-reserves, conference presentations, or in-house training courses;
- Electronic Preprints. Before submitting an article to an Ekuilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi, authors frequently post their manuscripts to their own web site, their employer's site, or to another server that invites constructive comment from colleagues. Upon submission of an article to Ekuilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi, an author is required to transfer copyright in the article to Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, and the author must update any previously posted version of the article with a prominently displayed Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo copyright notice. Upon publication of an article by the Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, the author must replace any previously posted electronic versions of the article with either (1) the full citation to the work with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) or link to the article abstract in Ekuilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi journal homepage, or (2) the accepted version only (not the final, published version), including the Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo copyright notice and full citation, with a link to the final, published article in journal homepage.
4. Articles in Press (AiP) service
Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo may choose to publish an abstract or portions of the paper before we publish it in the journal. Please contact our Production department immediately if you do not want us to make any such prior publication for any reason, including disclosure of a patentable invention.
5. Author/Employer Rights
If you are employed and prepared the article on a subject within the scope of your employment, the copyright in the article belongs to your employer as a work-for-hire. In that case, Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo assumes that when you sign this Form, you are authorized to do so by your employer and that your employer has consented to the transfer of copyright, to the representation and warranty of publication rights, and to all other terms and conditions of this Form. If such authorization and consent has not been given to you, an authorized representative of your employer should sign this Form as the Author.
6. RCEPM-LIPI Copyright Ownership
It is the formal policy of Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo to own the copyrights to all copyrightable material in its technical publications and to the individual contributions contained therein, in order to protect the interests of the Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, its authors and their employers, and, at the same time, to facilitate the appropriate re-use of this material by others. Economy Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo distributes its technical publications throughout the world and does so by various means such as hard copy, microfiche, microfilm, and electronic media. It also abstracts and may translate its publications, and articles contained therein, for inclusion in various compendiums, collective works, databases and similar publication.
7. Licensing Terms
Ekuilibrium is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at https://journal.umpo.ac.id/










