The Role Of Parents In Character Education During The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Perspective Of The Qur’an And Hadith

: The presence of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has changed almost all aspects of life, one of them being the aspect of education. With the help of technology, the teaching process is done online from the home of each student. The role of parents, in this case, is very much needed in educating children for the formation of characters that are not obtained in the school environment. This article aims to determine the role of parents in shaping the character of their children during the Covid-19 pandemic through the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. By using a descriptive qualitative research method, the implementation of the research is carried out by interview and field observation. The conclusion of this research is that role of parents is important in shaping the character of their children n to become better children, as an educator, facilitators, motivators, and role models for the child (Al-Uswah Al-Hashanah). Artikel ini peran orang tua dalam membentuk karakter anak di masa pandemi Covid-19 sebagaimana perspektif Al-Qur'an Hadits. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dimana pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi lapangan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah peran orang tua lebih penting dalam membentuk karakter anaknya lebih di depannya, yaitu sebagai pendidik, fasilitator, motivator, serta sebagai tauladan


INTRODUCTION
The role of parents in character education is very important. Because parents are the most important teachers or educators in shaping and developing character in children. According to (Wulandari & Kristiawan, 2017) character education is an effort to instill positive habits and things (habituations) so that students can behave and act based on the values that have become their personalities. In line with Wulandari and Kristiawan, (Johansyah, 2017) character education is a process of training, guidance, and direct involvement on an ongoing basis for students to achieve values or good things according to religion and culture. So it can be concluded that character education is a positive value that must be instilled and developed in children so that children have good behavior in everyday life. With the teachings and directions given by parents to children, a good character will be formed by what has been taught by parents.
In character education, several components influence the formation and development of character in children. These components include the family environment, school environment, and community. but of the three-component,s the most influential in the formation and development of character in children is in the family environment (Arifin dkk., 2021). So this is whereas parents have an important role to educate and provide direction to children. Because if parents are negligent in taking over informing and developing positive activities or things for children, it will have an impact on children's lives in the future. So that parents must direct, educate, nurture and shape the child's personality so that they have a religious, polite, ethical, and also humanist character. As in the hadith narrated by Al-Hakim: Meaning: There is no more important gift from parents to their children than a good education. (HR. Al-Hakim) This argument explains that parents are one of the main and most important educators for their children to have a religious, good, and moral personality. Besides that, children always imitate and accept whatever their parents do and absorb what you have instilled. If he is accustomed and educated to do good, then he will get used to doing good things until he grows up.
The school environment also has flu formation of character in children, apart from parents, on the other hand, teachers also play a role in shaping and instilling positive character values in children (Iman dkk., 2021). So that education in Indonesia can grow students who have a positive character towards the nation.
As in Law Number 20 of 2003 Article 3 concerning the National Education System, it is stated that national education functions to develop the ability and personality and civilization of a dignified nation in educating the nation's life, and aims to develop the potential of students to become human beings who believe and are pious. to God Almighty, noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become a democratic and responsible citizen (Fitri, 2018). It has struck several countries throughout the world, including Indonesia, due to the increased danger of the coronavirus diseaencesse (covid-19) spreading. If no measures for eradication and effective monitoring for all parties are taken, the number of people concerned about exposure to the Covid-19 outbreak will continue to rise.
As a result, strategic efforts must be taken to increase case-and public health monitoring for the number of cases to be im. These control strategic methods are quick and precise ways to figure out how to stop covid-19 from spreading (Martha, 2020).
According to the provisions of the law, it can be understood that national education also encourages the creation of the next generation of the nation who is religious, noble, intellectual, and independent. Along with the goals of education in Indonesia, the government has designed the development of the nation's character with four core values, namely honesty, inintelligencetoughness, and caring. Where all these points have been taught in the Qur'an and Hadith. Likewise with the Qur'an and Hadith, in Islam, the Qur'an and Hadith are guidelines and views of Muslims in seeking guidance and being a solution to existing problems, as well as character education. There are so many verses of the Qur'an and the arguments of the hadith that explain the scope of character education that can be used as a reference in educating and teaching children so that children have characters that are by the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith.
When viewed from the various forms of problems that occur in the field of education in Indonesia, namely the existence of several problems that are so complex and difficult to handle, both in terms of learning, human resources, infrastructure to the main issues that are always considered and become the focus of educational problems in Indonesia. the present is a crisis of character education for students (Yati, 2021). Especially at this time in a situation that has to be faced with the covid-19 pandemic which makes all activities carried out at home, one of which is schools where the learning process is currently carried out online or online, to prevent the spread of covid-19.
Since online or online learning has been conducted, the role and responsibility of a teacher in teaching character education in schools has become an obstacle, because, before the current covid-19 pandemic, character education was always obtained directly and intensively in schools. However, in current conditions, when the learning process and school activities are carried out online, what happens is mostly the learning process which only gives assignments and transfers material or transfer of knowledge, so no one can guarantee that students get character education in good schools. by the values that have been taught by educational institutions.
So with so minimal children will get character education if the learning process is still carried out online at their respective homes. Therefore, currently, most children still need the role of parents as teachers outside of formal education (home). For example, in some Islamic schools that emphasize character education with activities that contain religious values such as sunnah prayers and recitation of the Qur'an, automatically these activities cannot be carried out in schools because students are required to study at home. In the absence of direct interaction between students and teachers, it is possible that these activities can be ignored by students. For this reason, in this case, parents must take a role, namely by teaching responsible behavior and providing an understanding of religion so that students can carry out activities and instill attitudes that have religious values in character education. The definition of parental involvement in several cases is more focused on the encouragement or encouragement process carried out at home to support all the shortcomings of the learning process and activities obtained at school in realizing the growth of children's character. Such as teaching, supervising, and providing motivation in activities that support the realization of character education in children. But on the other hand, the involvement of parents in educating children to have good character also has quite complicated obstacles (Fitri, 2018). Considering that not a few parents have to work and are busy with housework.
So from this description, it is hoped that parents will be more aware that educating children to form and develop good character in the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith is one of the important things. Especially in the current pandemic situation, where parents have a dual role that must continue to provide direction and supervise children's behavior so that children grow up with characters that are by the Qur'an and Hadith and become obedient Muslims and adhere to the Qur'an. 'an and Hadith.

METHODS
In this study, researchers used descriptive qualitative research methods. Descriptive Qualitative Research is a research method that moves on a simple qualitative approach with an inductive flow. This inductive flow means that the research begins with an explanatory process or event which finally can be drawn as a generalization which is a conclusion from the process or event (Nurmalasari & Erdiantoro, 2020). This descriptive qualitative research is more focused on the problems of parents during the pandemic in educating their children. On this occasion, the researcher will analyze the role of parents in character education during the pandemic from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith, because it is important for parents to instill and apply character values in children by the Al-Quran and Hadith.
In descriptive qualitative research, there are several techniques in collecting data. according to (Moha & sudrajat, 2019) data collection uses descriptive research methods, namely, researchers must go into the field to research and collect data through observation and interviews, the data obtained is soft data or soft data because the data still has to change. In this study, researchers used observation, documentation, and interview techniques to obtain the desired data. The main topic of discussion in the interview is the role of parents in handling children's character education during the pandemic, then the media used include cellphones, google forms, and laptops which will be the research subjects, namely Madrasah Ibtidaiyah At-Taqwa, Sukodono District, Sidoarjo. This research was conducted by identifying the problems that were happening during the pandemic and parents often found negligence in educating their children during the Covid-19 period. After the researchers got the data, the researchers collected and analyzed it to conclude the problems that occurred so that they knew the procedures for educating the character of a child according to the perspective of the Al-Quran and Hadith.

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION Basic Character Education
The Qur'an and Hadi are guidelines for Muslims, especially for parents and educators in the context of planting character education, because the Qur'an and Hadith are one of the importanmediately reduced aspects of character education (Hasanah, 2020) In the Qur'an, many letters contain topics of discussion about morality or character. Such as the command to fear Allah and perform Amar ma'ruf nahi Munkar behavior such as honesty, discipline, giving charity, being responsible, helping each other, and respecting each other. In this case, it is the principles and character values that must be instilled in children.
In addition to the Qur'an, Hadith is a second source as a complement to the Qur'an in the cultivation of character education. In the hadith, the view and example in applying commendable traits is the example of the Prophet Muhammad. So that character education is implanted through the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith, it will be able to create a good character by Islamic teachings.
The Qur'an is the last holy book of Muslims as a way of life and a complement to previous religious teachings. The existence of the Qur'an will continue to be studied and researched from various things because the Qur'an contains various instructions that are closely related to human life and nature, both as individual and social beings. Al-Qur'an in its realization can shape human character and awareness of God as well as caliph on earth (Sulaiman, 2019). Among  The verse above explains how it is our obligation as Muslims who are obliged to pray and always do Amar ma'ruf nahi Munkar (benevolence). deal with all the problems experienced by Muslims. Likewise in the field of character education. For this reason, in shaping the Muslim personality, it must be realized by the Qur'an and Hadith as a Muslim identity (Yunita & Mujib, 2021).
Considering that the truth of the Qur'an and Hadith is absolute, then every teaching that is by the Qur'an and Hadith must be implemented and if it contradicts it must be abandoned. Thus, sticking to the Qur'an and Hadith will ensure that a person avoids going astray. As we know that apart from the Al-Quran being used as the basis for character education, the next reference is the Hadith. Hadith are all the words (words), deeds, statutes, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad SAW which are used as statutes or laws in Islam (Al-Nasir, 2007). And character as a true Muslim.
As the word of Allah SWT in the letter al-Azhab verse 21 Meaning: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah has been a good role model for you (namely) for those who hope (for) Allah and (the coming of) the Day of Judgment and who remember Allah a lot (MA Muidunillah, 2018) From this verse, it can be understood that Islamic teachings and noble moral education sourced from the Qur'an and hadith must be imitated to become human beings who live by the demands of the Shari'ah which aims for the benefit and happiness of mankind. Individuals who are controlled by good values and morals will give birth to good individuals. On the other hand, if the individual is controlled by bad values and behavior, then the individual will have bad behavior. With character reduction sourced from thein Al-Quran and Hadith, will combine the two which can instill certain characters as well as provide seeds so that students can grow their distinctive characters while living their lives. Not only undergoing severe ideas or character models will not make students creative human beings who know how to deal with changing times.

The Form Of Character Education Given by Parents During The Covid-19 Pandemic
The form of character education given to children is very important because after all parents are figures that are imitated by children (M.a dkk., 2021). Because if in the family environment, children interact more with their parents. So that educating, nurturing, guiding, training, or anything related to efforts to achieve growth in a better direction, of course, is the responsibility of every parent to his child. Especially during a pandemic like this. Where children spend more time at home with their families so parents must take full responsibility for shaping the character of their children.
Every parent wants their child to have a good character, so in this case, parents must have several ways and forms so that their child can grow a good personality or character. From the results of the research survey that has been carried out, there are several forms of character education taught by parents to their children during this pandemic, such as teaching about the importance of worshiping children. Worship is one way to get closer to Allah SWT, simply in Islam worship is a behavior that is required for every Muslim, one of which is praying and reading the Qur'an. Prayer in Islam is worship that occupies a very important position. As in the word of Allah SWT in the letter An-Nisa verse 103 as follows: Meaning: when you have finished the prayer, make remembrance of Allah (remembrance and mention of Him) whether you are standing, sitting, or lying down. When you feel safe, perform the prayer (perfectly). Indeed, prayer is an obligation whose time has been determined for the believers (MA Muidunillah, 2018).
In the verse, it is explained that Allah SWT commands his servants to always submit and carry out their obligations to pray. So as parents need to explain and teach how important prayer is to children. By getting children to always pray from an early age, they will be able to grow good character in children.
Coupled with the Covid-19 pandemic condition that occurs as parents must teach children about worship to ask Allah SWT for protection so that they are always kept away from the covid-19 virus and ask that they are always given physical health. In addition to teaching prayer, on the other hand, parents can also teach reading the Qur'an so that children always make the Qur'an a guide and always be close to Allah SWT. Then teach polite behavior to children.
In a family environment, teaching children to be polite is the most important thing and must be owned by children. Courtesy is an attitude or behavior of an individual who respects and is friendly towards someone who is interacting with him (Djuwita, 2017). Meanwhile, according to (Marotang, 2020). Courteous behavior is a rule of life that arises from the association of a group of people in society and is considered as a guide for the daily interactions of that society.
so that it can be concluded that courtesy is an attitude of respect and respect for someone who grows up with upbringing and teachings from a good environment. As in the hadith narrated by Imam Muslim about the virtue of being polite.

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Meaning: O Aisha, indeed Allah is Gentle. He loves a gentle demeanor. Allah will give a gentle attitude something that he does not give to a harsh attitude and will also give something that is not given to other attitudes (Al-Nasir, 2007).
The hadith explains the necessity to be gentle as long as no cause or thing makes us have to be tough. Every child must have different behavior and a different personality depending on the influences and habits instilled since childhood. Therefore, it is very important to instill a polite attitude that must be instilled in children from an early age, because children will later live in society and will meet many people, so they must know how to treat themselves and be kind to others.
During the current pandemic, polite behavior that needs to be emphasized is politeness towards teachers, especially during the online learning process. For example, as parents, we must remind our children that during the online learning process, we must still wear modest clothing, and during the online learning process, the child must pay attention to the teacher when delivering material, and prohibit children from eating during the zoom learning process. In addition to behaving politely, parents must also teach honest behavior to their children. Honesty is a similarity between the news and reality. According to (Yasbiati dkk., 2019). Honesty is a condition of a person in realizing the right attitude and by the actual situation. Related to (Raihanah, 2017) being honest is an attitude that states what is by conscience, both in words and actions so that he becomes a trustworthy person. From the statement above, it can be concluded that honesty is an attitude that expresses a truth according to what is seen and said in a condition and situation whenever and wherever. Honest behavior must be taught and instilled in children as early as possible. By instilling honest behavior, children get used to holding the right principles even though they are faced with difficult situations.
Children will be better able to avoid deviant and incorrect actions. If a child has been instilled in an honest attitude, then when he grows up, the value of honesty will always be upheld and he will not easily lie for his interests.
As in the hadith narrated by Abu Bakr As-Shidiq Meaning: From Abu Bakr Ash-Siddiq he said, Rasulullah SAW said: It is obligatory for you to be honest, because honesty is with goodness, and both are in heaven.
During a pandemic like this, parents must continue to teach honest behavior to children, because honest behavior is an important behavior and must be instilled in children from a young age so that when they grow up they get used to telling the truth as it is.
In today's daily life, we meet so many people who lie without feeling that there will be bad consequences for their lies. Dishonest behavior or lying can be done by anyone, anytime, and anywhere. Within the scope of schools during this pandemic period, most students only receive material and do the assignments given by the teacher. Because without a supervisor from parents or teachers, children here can be dishonest in doing their jobs. Examples such as cheating and plagiarizing the work of friends, or it could be that the child orders others to do his school work. So that children do not have an attitude at this point, we as parents must be a good example and teach children about the value and importance of being honest from a young age. In addition to the importance of being honest, on the other hand, children must always be taught responsible behavior. Responsibility is the attitude and behavior of individuals to fulfill their duties and obligations towards Allah SWT, oneself, the environment, and the country.
In essence, responsibility can be used as a benchmark for individuals to carry out their obligations. Every parent knows that educating children to have a responsible attitude is not an easy task. Therefore, from an early age children must be taught some small attitudes or behaviors in terms of responsibility. Because responsible behavior is not behavior that grows because of heredity that is brought from birth, responsible behavior is one of the behaviors that must be taught and trained. Therefore, as parents, they must train their children continuously in a good way so that children can cultivate responsible behavior from a young age. A small example of responsible behavior in children is the responsibility to himself, such as maintaining physical and emotional health. By having responsible behavior, children will be more courageous in making decisions and dare to take risks.
In addition to being responsible, parents must also teach disciplined behavior to their children. A di is a form of action that complies with regulations and is subject to agreed values. Discipline is also an exercise that aims to develop oneself to behavsciplinee in an orderly manner. By applying disciplined behavior, it will be able to ensure the smooth running of various activities, such as studying, working, and others. With a disciplined attitude, children will be able to develop a strong mentality and will not give up easily even in difficult situations. In addition, through discipline, children are taught how to act according to the standards of their social group. By the roles defined by the cultural group to which he belongs. So it is clear that parents are the first to be responsible for the formation of the moral behavior of their children in the family environment. In addition to teaching disciplined behavior in social groups, parents must also teach discipline in religion. Islam teaches us to pay attention and apply the values of discipline in daily life to build a better quality of community life, especially by Islamic teachings.
The last one is teaching about the importance of maintaining cleanliness. Maintaining cleanliness is certainly an odior behav, Meaning: Verily Allah is good, and loves the good, is clean and loves the clean, is most generous, and loves generosity, and is most noble and loves glory, so cleanse yourselves.
By increasing awareness of hygiene in children, at the same time parents have also kept their children away from various threats of disease. In addition, realizing the importance of cleanliness can lay a good foundation for the growth and development of children. Therefore, growing awareness of cleanliness will affect the formation of a child's personality after they grow up.

The role of parents in character education from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith during the covid-19 pandemic
The role of parents is the key to success in the character possessed by children, in other words, parents have a strategic role in determining the success of children's successful character development in everyday life (Fitri, 2018). Because parents are one of the main family environments in the development of children's character, especially during a pandemic like this which makes parents worry about their children. Thus, parents must play a role in educating their children.
The first is educating children with habituation. Habits are things that are done repeatedly on purpose so that certain things can become habits. Habits are the essence of experience, and habits are things that come out of practice. The purpose of habituation is to familiarize children with good things from an early age. Related to commendable behavior, such as worship, honesty, courtesy, responsibility, maintaining personal and environmental hygiene. The same goes for educating children. To be able to educate children so that children have commendable qualities, it is not possible to use only understanding explanations, but it is necessary to get used to them to do good things which are hoped that in the future children will have these commendable qualities, and stay away from despicable traits.
Then Educate children by example In educating children, parents must set a good example for their children, because in their lives they often encounter parents who use violence, dirty language, etc. to educate children which has a neghurtsgical development and attitudes. their children and they will automatically decline. Vice versa, if parents educate their children with full tenderness and politeness it will make the children have a good attitude. This is where parents play an important role in raising and educating children from childhood to adulthood. As in the word of God in the letter Al-Azhab in verse 21 Meaning: Indeed, the Messenger of Allah has been a good role model for you (namely) for those who hope (the mercy of) Allah and (the coming of) the Day of Judgment and who remember Allah a lot (MA Muidunillah, 2018).
The above verse clearly shows that the Prop Muhammad SAW is a good example. The word "lakum" above tells that parents cannot be denied in educating their children, referring to the way of educating the Prophet Muhammad. Because children need characters that can be used as examples. because a child needs a figure who will be used as an example, especially when the child is still small and still lives in the family, the first example he meets is his parents.
Next is to motivate children. One of the important roles of parents in their children is to provide motivation or encouragement. According to (Sudirman, 1990) Motivation is a condition that causes or gives rise to certain behaviors that give direction and resistance to certain behaviors. Likewise with the role of parents in motivating children, one of which is by providing encouragement or motivation to always do good deeds, always worship Allah SWT, and always avoid His prohibitions.
On the other hand, it prmotivatesetor parents to also provide advice to children. One of the roles that parents should not abandon is giving advadvisingldren. Advice is needed by children so that children do not have difficulties in doing things and making decisions. If the child is often left and not given advice then the child will find it Meaning: Prophet Muhammad SAW said: Honor your children and teach them manners (Al-Qazwani, 2016).
In the hadith, it has been dance heat written that parents must always honor their children such as speaking good words, not yelling, etc. On the other hand, parents must also teach children about good attitudes, behavior, and manners from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith.
The last is to give sanctions or punishments if the child makes a mistake. The definition of punishment in the Big Indonesian Dictionary is defined as torture imposed on people who violate the rules and laws. while in English, punishment is known as Punishment. In terminology, punishment is the most recent way given to direct a student's behavior to conform to the behavior that applies in accor apply in an environment. Giving sanctions or punishments when children make mistakes is one of the roles of parents in children.
The existence of punishment is caused by a violation committed by the child. So, the punishment in question is to give an unpleasant punishment with an educational element so that children are deterrent and will not repeat the same act. So that the child is aware and tries to correct the actions that have been done (Muhammad Fauzi, 2016). In terms of giving punishment, it must also be seen from how much the child made a mistake. Because giving punishment is a warning to children and not an act of revenge and self-control. As in the sunnah of the prophet in giving punishment to children, namely telling the child's faults well and gently and not using violence.

Inhibiting Factors For Parents in Character Education During The Pandemic
Of course, in terms of teaching character education to children, they will experience several factors that make it difficult for parents to provide character education, especially during a pandemic, because since the pandemic, the implementation of online learning has almost ninety percent of parents accompanying their children to learn from home at all levels of education (Kemendikbud, 2020). that way parents will have twice as busy as usual. Of course, in character education, many factors support the growth and development of character in children, one of which is school. However, with online learning, children cannot learn face to face with teachers and cannot carry out activities that can foster character in children. so that the role of parents here in addition to helping the learning process at school, parents also have to teach character education that is not found in schools. With the dual role of parents so that they experience difficulties and become an inhibiting factor in teaching character education to children, from the results of research surveys that have been carried out there are several things that make inhibiting factors in providing character education to children.
The limi of parents in limi limited-time character education to children is one of the obstacles that often occur. Because not all parents have a lot of time to supervise and provide character education to children. Especially during the covid-19 pandemic, where the role of the teacher must also be played by parents so that here parents have a dual role in children. Not to mention if parents have work and household matters.
Then with the environment that is less supportive of character growth in children. An unsupportive environment can be one of the caus children cannot growren good character. Therefore, as a parent, you must be smart in choosing a good environment for children, because the environment will determine the growth and development of the child's character. This environment includes the living environment, play environment, and children's school environment.
In addition to time constraints and an unsupportive environment, one of the inhibiting factors in the formation of character education is that children are difficult to manage. Often parents complain that their children are difficult to manage and find it difficult to listen and obey what their parents have taught them. Sometimes children also don't pay attention and sometimes children also reject the teachings given by their parents. So here the thing that must be considered by parents is how to convey good and appropriate to children so that children can understand and obey what has been taught. because the way parents convey will also affect the child. Therefore as parents need to be careful in the way of delivery and choose words to give direction to children. Because if you don't, it will make the child even more difficult to manage.