THE ANALYSIS OF SYNTAX ON LANGUAGE ACQUISITION OF THREE YEAR-OLD CHILDREN IN PERUM GRAHA MUKTI REGENCY KEDIRI

This study aimed at ascertaining: (1) the length of sentences obtained by threeyear-olds, (2) sentence structure of three-year-olds, (3) average length of speech based on Mean Length of Utterance (MLU). This research applied descriptive qualitative method. The data collecting technique used interview, record, and notetaking techiques. Five children aged three years and a drift of a maximum of three months to be the object of this study. Conversations of children with parents and their families were recorded, then they were analyzed to find out the sentences they produce. The sentences produced by children were analyzed to find out the sentence mode of sentence length, sentence structure, and average length of speech based on Mean Length of Utterance (MLU). The results showed that the acquisition of syntax in children aged three years within a maximum of three months in the Graha Mukti Regency showed the average has a MLU 2.327 is at stage V. © 2018 Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo  Correspondence Address: E-mail: lailiya86@unpkediri.ac.id ISSN 2579-7255 (Print) ISSN 2524-004X (Online) N Lailiyah, L Dwiyanti. The Analysis of Syntax on Language Acquisition of Three Year-old Children in Perum Graha Mukti Regency Kediri Jurnal Indria Volume III, No 1, March 2018 5


INTRODUCTION
The first language acquisition (PB1) is a language controlled by the first child or so-called mother tongue.Children under five years of age can communicate well in their environment, even without formal learning.In those ages, in general, children have mastered the sound system, word form, grammar, and the meaning of words from the first language.
Children acquire language through certain stages.
Children will say words even if they have no meaning, then will gradually lead to the one-word stage that begins to have meaning.After one word and vocabulary, a few words will be obtained by the children, then they begin to speak in complete sentence which will be followed by a

Technique of Data Analysis
This study focused on the study of syntactic elements.The  From the data above, SP I, three years and three months old could say 91 words of speech or 223 morphemes.The data indicated that SP I could express a single word sentence of 26 speeches, two words for 23 speeches, three words for 22 speeches, four words of 15 speeches and five words of five speeches, while the length of a sentence that could be stated by SP I were five morphemes.From the above data, SP II who was three years and one month could say as much as 95 words of speech or 230 morphemes.The data showed that SP II was able to express a single word sentence of 27 speech, two words of 25 speech, three words of 24 speech, four words of 14 speech and five words of five speech, while the length of sentences that could be said by SP II was five morphemes maximum.From the data provided above,

The Speech Measurement using Mean Length Utterance (MLU)
The formula to count the speech produced by children: The number of morphemes MLU = ---------- The number of speech

SP I
The number of morphemes MLU = ------= 223 =2.23 The number of speech 100 From the measurements of the MLU, the three years and three months old child indicated a low MLU and was at stage V.

SP II
The number of morphemes MLU = ------= 230 = 2,30 The number of speech 100 From the measurements of the MLU, SP II , the three years and one month old child indicated a low MLU and was at stage V.

SP III
The number of morphemes The number of speech 100 From the measurements of the MLU, SP III, a three-year-old kid indicated a low MLU and was at stage V.

SP IV
The number of morphemes MLU = ---------= 208 = 2.08 The number of speech 100 From the measurements of the MLU above, SP V, a two years and eigh months old child showed a low MLU and was at stage IV.

The recording results
These are the results of the recording of 5 SP being classified: figures are based on the counting on children's utterance using MLU.
the two-year-old and eight months SP IV was able to say 92 words of speech or 208 morphemes.The data showed that SP IV was able to express single word sentence of 30 speech, two word sentence of 25 speech, three words of 20 speech, four words of 17 speech and five words sentence were not able to be done by SP IV.The length of the sentence which were capable to be pronounced by SP IV were maximum of four morphemes.Sentence structure Sentences have important parts that have meaning.Each section in the form of a word or phrase has a different function.Each functions as subject (S), predicate (P), object (O), complement (Pel), or adverb (K).Sentences are said to be perfect when it must have at least a subject and predicate (Khoiruddin, 2007: 64).SP I Dede' ain bola /adik main bola/ S P O Adik as subjek (S), main as predicate (P), and bola as object (O).Thus, SP I, a three years and three months old child, was able to speak with S P O sentence pattern S P O N Lailiyah, L Dwiyanti.The Analysis of Syntax on Language Acquisition of Three Year-old Children in Perum Graha Mukti Regency Kediri Jurnal Indria Volume III, No 1, March 2018 55 SP IV Meong mamam /kucing makan/ S P Kucing as subject (S), makan as predicate (P).Therefore, SP V, a two years and eight months old child was able to have a speech using the sentence pattern of S P SP III Ma maem es klim di lual / mama, makan es krim di luar/ S P O K Mama as subject (S), makan sebagai predicate (P), es krim sebagai object (O), and di luar as adverb of place (K).Therefore, SP III, a three years and two months old child was able to create a statement by using sentence pattern of S P O K From the above data samples, three-year-old children were able to express a sentence.Although the sentences were still very simple but they can be classified into a sentence.

CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis of the object of research of three-year-old child and N Lailiyah, L Dwiyanti.The Analysis of Syntax on Language Acquisition of Three Year-old Children in Perum Graha Mukti Regency Kediri Jurnal Indria Volume III, No 1three-year-old children (and at a maximum of five months) in Perum Graha Mukti Regency Kediri were able to compose a sentence, although still very simple and limited.The research object has been able to say from one word to a five-word sentence, has a complete syntactic function.The types of words that have been obtained and spoken by SP include nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.3. Speech analysis showed the average SP having a MLU of 2.327 at stage V which means it was at a low stage because at the age of three years according to Brown (in Owens, 2008: 79) it should be in the VII stage 3.0-3.5 words per speech.However, it must be admitted that the acquisition of the language of the child does not have to be always the same, because each child has different abilities and have their own uniqueness.

Table 1 .
The total number of speech of SP I

Table 2 .
The number of speech of SP II

Table 3 .
The number of speech of SP III

Table 5 .
The number of speech by SP IV